left-hand vector
91Legendre transformation — f(x) . The function is shown in red, and the tangent line at point (x 0, f(x 0)) is shown in blue. The tangent line intersects the vertical axis at (0, f^star) and f^star is the value of the Legendre transform f^star(p 0) , where p 0=dot{f}(x 0) …
92Stokes parameters — The Stokes parameters are a set of values that describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation (including visible light). They were defined by George Gabriel Stokes in 1852, as a mathematically convenient alternative to the more… …
93Electromagnetic wave equation — The electromagnetic wave equation is a second order partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium or in a vacuum. The homogeneous form of the equation, written in terms of either the… …
94Direct linear transformation — (DLT) is an algorithm which solves a set of variables from a set of similarity relations:   for where and are known vectors, denotes equality up to an unknown scalar multiplication, and …
95Virial theorem — In mechanics, the virial theorem provides a general equation relating the average over time of the total kinetic energy, , of a stable system consisting of N particles, bound by potential forces, with that of the total potential energy, , where… …
96Conjugate gradient method — A comparison of the convergence of gradient descent with optimal step size (in green) and conjugate vector (in red) for minimizing a quadratic function associated with a given linear system. Conjugate gradient, assuming exact arithmetic,… …
97KABBALAH — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: introduction general notes terms used for kabbalah the historical development of the kabbalah the early beginnings of mysticism and esotericism apocalyptic esotericism and merkabah… …
98Differential form — In the mathematical fields of differential geometry and tensor calculus, differential forms are an approach to multivariable calculus that is independent of coordinates. Differential forms provide a better[further explanation needed] definition… …
99Lagrangian — This article is about Lagrange mechanics. For other uses, see Lagrangian (disambiguation). The Lagrangian, L, of a dynamical system is a function that summarizes the dynamics of the system. It is named after Joseph Louis Lagrange. The concept of… …
100Chirality (physics) — A chiral phenomenon is one that is not identical to its mirror image (see Chirality). The spin of a particle may be used to define a handedness (aka chirality) for that particle. A symmetry transformation between the two is called parity.… …
