least squares trend
121Bar chart — See also: Histogram Example of a bar chart, with Country as the discrete data set. A bar chart or bar graph is a chart with rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or… …
122Odds ratio — The odds ratio [1][2][3] is a measure of effect size, describing the strength of association or non independence between two binary data values. It is used as a descriptive statistic, and plays an important role in logistic regression. Unlike… …
123Survival analysis — is a branch of statistics which deals with death in biological organisms and failure in mechanical systems. This topic is called reliability theory or reliability analysis in engineering, and duration analysis or duration modeling in economics or …
124Regression fallacy — The regression (or regressive) fallacy is an informal fallacy. It ascribes cause where none exists. The flaw is failing to account for natural fluctuations. It is frequently a special kind of the post hoc fallacy. Explanation Things like stock… …
125Prediction interval — In statistics, a prediction interval bears the same relationship to a future observation that a confidence interval bears to an unobservable population parameter. Prediction intervals predict the distribution of individual points, whereas… …
126Yield curve — This article is about yield curves as used in finance. For the term s use in physics, see Yield curve (physics). Not to be confused with Yield curve spread – see Z spread. The US dollar yield curve as of February 9, 2005. The curve has a typical… …
127System identification — In control engineering, the field of system identification uses statistical methods to build mathematical models of dynamical systems from measured data. System identification also includes the optimal design of experiments for efficiently… …
128Alternative hypothesis — Main article: Statistical hypothesis testing In statistical hypothesis testing, the alternative hypothesis (or maintained hypothesis or research hypothesis) and the null hypothesis are the two rival hypotheses which are compared by a statistical… …
