lay trier of fact
61Kulturkampf — • The name given to the political struggle for the rights and self government of the Catholic Church, carried out chiefly in Prussia and afterwards in Baden, Hesse, and Bavaria Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Kulturkampf …
62Concordat — • In general, a concordat means an agreement, or union of wills, on some matter Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Concordat Concordat …
63Twelfth century (The) — The twelfth century John Marenbon INTRODUCTION The twelfth century began and ended with events which mark it off, at least symbolically, as a discrete period in the history of Western philosophy. It was in about 1100 that Abelard the most wide… …
64Schism — • In the language of theology and canon law, the rupture of ecclesiastical union and unity Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Schism Schism …
65Conflict of Investitures — Conflict of Investitures † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Conflict of Investitures (Ger. Investiturstreit.) The terminus technicus for the great struggle between the popes and the German kings Henry IV and Henry V, during the period 1075 …
66History of the Roman Empire — The broader history of the Roman Empire extends through 15 centuries and includes several stages in the evolution of the Roman state. It encompasses the period of the ancient Roman Empire, the period in which it was divided into western and… …
67St. Ambrose — St. Ambrose † Catholic Encyclopedia ► St. Ambrose Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397; born probably 340, at Trier, Arles, or Lyons; died 4 April, 397. He was one of the most illustrious Fathers and …
68Prussia — • The Kingdom of Prussia covers 134,616 square miles and includes about 64.8 per cent of the area of the German Empire. Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Prussia Prussia …
69The Religion of Russia — The Religion of Russia † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Religion of Russia A. The Origin of Russian Christianity There are two theories in regard to the early Christianity of Russia; according to one of them, Russia was Catholic from …
70Constantine the Great — This article is about Constantine as an Emperor. For Constantine as a Saint, see Constantine I and Christianity. Constantine I redirects here. For other uses, see Constantine I (disambiguation). Constantine I 57th Emperor of the Roman Empire …
