lagrangian coordinates
41Joseph Louis Lagrange — Lagrange redirects here. For other uses, see Lagrange (disambiguation). Joseph Louis Lagrange Joseph Louis (Giuseppe Lodovico), comte de Lagrange …
42Renormalization — Quantum field theory (Feynman diagram) …
43Path integral formulation — This article is about a formulation of quantum mechanics. For integrals along a path, also known as line or contour integrals, see line integral. The path integral formulation of quantum mechanics is a description of quantum theory which… …
44Constant of motion — In mechanics, a constant of motion is a quantity that is conserved throughout the motion, imposing in effect a constraint on the motion. However, it is a mathematical constraint, the natural consequence of the equations of motion, rather than a… …
45Sine-Gordon equation — The sine Gordon equation is a nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equation in 1+1 dimensions involving the d Alembert operator and the sine of the unknown function. It was originally considered in the nineteenth century in the course of… …
46Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime — Induced spacetime curvature In physics, Maxwell s equations in curved spacetime govern the dynamics of the electromagnetic field in curved spacetime (where the metric may not be the Minkowski metric) or where one uses an arbitrary (not… …
47Luke's variational principle — In fluid dynamics, Luke s variational principle is a Lagrangian variational description of the motion of surface waves on a fluid with a free surface, under the action of gravity. This principle is named after J.C. Luke, who published it in 1967 …
48Double pendulum — A double pendulum consists of two pendulums attached end to end. In mathematics, in the area of dynamical systems, a double pendulum is a pendulum with another pendulum attached to its end, and is a simple physical system that exhibits rich… …
49asteroid — asteroidal, adj. /as teuh royd /, n. 1. Also called minor planet. Astron. any of the thousands of small bodies of from 480 miles (775 km) to less than one mile (1.6 km) in diameter that revolve about the sun in orbits lying mostly between those… …
50Lagrange multipliers — In mathematical optimization problems, the method of Lagrange multipliers, named after Joseph Louis Lagrange, is a method for finding the extrema of a function of several variables subject to one or more constraints; it is the basic tool in… …
