lagrangian coordinates
111Doubly special relativity — (DSR) also called deformed special relativity or, by some, extra special relativity is a modified theory of special relativity in which there is not only an observer independent maximum velocity (the speed of light), but an observer independent… …
112Manifold — For other uses, see Manifold (disambiguation). The sphere (surface of a ball) is a two dimensional manifold since it can be represented by a collection of two dimensional maps. In mathematics (specifically in differential geometry and topology),… …
113Common integrals in quantum field theory — There are common integrals in quantum field theory that appear repeatedly.[1] These integrals are all variations and generalizations of gaussian integrals to the complex plane and to multiple dimensions. Other integrals can be approximated by… …
114Orbital mechanics — A satellite orbiting the earth has a tangential velocity and an inward acceleration. Orbital mechanics or astrodynamics is the application of ballistics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of rockets and other… …
115Scalar curvature — In Riemannian geometry, the scalar curvature (or Ricci scalar) is the simplest curvature invariant of a Riemannian manifold. To each point on a Riemannian manifold, it assigns a single real number determined by the intrinsic geometry of the… …
116Ising model — The Ising model, named after the physicist Ernst Ising, is a mathematical model in statistical mechanics. It has since been used to model diverse phenomena in which bits of information, interacting in pairs, produce collectiveeffects.Definition… …
117D'Alembert's principle — Classical mechanics Newton s Second Law History of classical mechanics  …
118Non-abelian gauge transformation — In theoretical physics, a non abelian gauge transformation means a gauge transformation taking values in some group G, the elements of which do not obey the commutative law when they are multiplied. The original choice of G in the physics of… …
119Scale invariance — In physics and mathematics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if length scales (or energy scales) are multiplied by a common factor. The technical term for this transformation is a dilatation (also known as… …
120Canonical quantization — In physics, canonical quantization is one of many procedures for quantizing a classical theory. Historically, this was the earliest method to be used to build quantum mechanics. When applied to a classical field theory it is also called second… …
