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  • 1RIGHTEOUS AMONG THE NATIONS — (Heb. חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, ḥasidei ummot ha olam), term applied to non Jews who saved Jews from their Nazi persecutors by endangering their own lives. (For earlier use of the term see Ḥasidei Ummot ha Olam. ) In 1953 the Israeli parliament… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 2Baconian theory — The Baconian theory of Shakespearean authorship holds that Sir Francis Bacon wrote the plays conventionally attributed to William Shakespeare.The mainstream view is that William Shakespeare of Stratford, an actor in the Lord Chamberlain s Men… …

    Wikipedia

  • 3Karl Dönitz — Großadmiral Karl Dönitz, later Reichspräsident of Germany President of Germany In office 30 April 1945 – 23 May 1945 Chance …

    Wikipedia

  • 4KABBALAH — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: introduction general notes terms used for kabbalah the historical development of the kabbalah the early beginnings of mysticism and esotericism apocalyptic esotericism and merkabah… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 5literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… …

    Universalium

  • 6Europe, history of — Introduction       history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates.… …

    Universalium

  • 7United Kingdom — a kingdom in NW Europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland 1801 1922. 58,610,182; 94,242 sq. mi. (244,100 sq. km). Cap.: London. Abbr.: U.K. Official name, United Kingdom of Great… …

    Universalium

  • 8arts, East Asian — Introduction       music and visual and performing arts of China, Korea, and Japan. The literatures of these countries are covered in the articles Chinese literature, Korean literature, and Japanese literature.       Some studies of East Asia… …

    Universalium

  • 9Earth Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Geology and Geochemistry       The theme of the 33rd International Geological Congress, which was held in Norway in August 2008, was “Earth System Science: Foundation for Sustainable Development.” It was attended by nearly… …

    Universalium

  • 10GENIZAH, CAIRO — Introduction The term genizah is a word shortened from the rabbinical Hebrew phrase bet genizah (see also genizah ). Its counterpart in late biblical Hebrew is genez (pl. genazim, ginzei) which in Esther evidently means a treasury, as well as the …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism