ionization path
91Atmospheric reentry — refers to the movement of human made or natural objects as they enter the atmosphere of a planet from outer space, in the case of Earth from an altitude above the edge of space. This article primarily addresses the process of controlled reentry… …
92Operation Argus — Country  United States Test site South Atlantic Period August September 1958 Number of tests 3 Max. yiel …
93Ronald N. Bracewell — Infobox Scientist name = Ronald N. Bracewell box width = image width = caption = birth date = Birth date|1921|07|22 birth place = Sydney, New South Wales, Australia death date = Death date and age|2007|08|12|1921|07|22 death place = Stanford,… …
94Thin-film deposition — is any technique for depositing a thin film of material onto a substrate or onto previously deposited layers. Thin is a relative term, but most deposition techniques allow layer thickness to be controlled within a few tens of nanometers, and some …
95Drug discovery — In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which drugs are discovered and/or designed. In the past most drugs have been discovered either by identifying the active ingredient from traditional… …
96Thin film — A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer (monolayer) to several micrometers in thickness. Electronic semiconductor devices and optical coatings are the main applications benefiting from thin film construction. A… …
97Radioactive Ion Beam Optimization — RIBO stands for the Radioactive Ion Beam Optimization, a concept closely linked to the extraction of rare isotopes from targets.OverviewIndeed, rare and radioactive here are synonyms. These are nuclei with an excess or deficit of neutrons or… …
98Residual gas analyzer — A residual gas analyzer (RGA) is a small and usually rugged mass spectrometer, typically designed for process control and contamination monitoring in the semiconductor industry. Utilizing quadrupole technology, there exists two implementations,… …
99Helium mass spectrometer — A helium mass spectrometer is an instrument commonly used to detect and locate small leaks. It was initially developed in the Manhattan Project during World War II to find extremely small leaks in the gas diffusion process of uranium enrichment… …
100Secondary electrons — are electrons generated as ionization products. They are called secondary because they are generated by other radiation (the primary radiation). This radiation can be in the form of ions, electrons, or photons with sufficiently high energy, i.e.… …
