intuitionistic
41Modal companion — In logic, a modal companion of a superintuitionistic (intermediate) logic L is a normal modal logic which interprets L by a certain canonical translation, described below. Modal companions share various properties of the original intermediate… …
42formal logic — the branch of logic concerned exclusively with the principles of deductive reasoning and with the form rather than the content of propositions. [1855 60] * * * Introduction the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used …
43Philosophy of mathematics — The philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that studies the philosophical assumptions, foundations, and implications of mathematics. The aim of the philosophy of mathematics is to provide an account of the nature and methodology of …
44History of logic — Philosophy ( …
45Sequent calculus — In proof theory and mathematical logic, sequent calculus is a family of formal systems sharing a certain style of inference and certain formal properties. The first sequent calculi, systems LK and LJ, were introduced by Gerhard Gentzen in 1934 as …
46List of mathematical logic topics — Clicking on related changes shows a list of most recent edits of articles to which this page links. This page links to itself in order that recent changes to this page will also be included in related changes. This is a list of mathematical logic …
47Game semantics — (German: dialogische Logik) is an approach to formal semantics that grounds the concepts of truth or validity on game theoretic concepts, such as the existence of a winning strategy for a player, somewhat resembling Socratic dialogues or medieval …
48Drinker paradox — The drinker paradox is a theorem of classical predicate logic that states: There is someone in the pub such that, if he is drinking, everyone in the pub is drinking. The actual theorem is The paradox was popularised by the mathematical logician… …
49metalogic — /met euh loj ik/, n. the logical analysis of the fundamental concepts of logic. [1835 45; META + LOGIC] * * * Study of the syntax and the semantics of formal languages and formal systems. It is related to, but does not include, the formal… …
50First-order logic — is a formal logical system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It goes by many names, including: first order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic (a less… …
