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121Laser diode — Top: a packaged laser diode shown with a penny for scale. Bottom: the laser diode chip is removed from the above package and placed on the eye of a needle for scale …
122Frederick Griffith — (1879 1941) was a British medical officer and geneticist. In 1928, in what is today known as Griffith s experiment, he discovered what he called a transforming principle , which is today known to be DNA. [cite journal |author=Lorenz MG,… …
123Chimera (genetics) — A chimeric mouse with its offspring A chimera or chimaera is a single organism (usually an animal) that is composed of two or more different populations of genetically distinct cells that originated from different zygotes involved in sexual… …
124Dutch elm disease — Branch death, or flagging, at multiple locations in the crown of a diseased elm Dutch elm disease (DED) is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be …
125Polio vaccine — Two polio vaccines are used throughout the world to combat poliomyelitis (or polio). The first was developed by Jonas Salk and first tested in 1952. It was announced to the world by Salk on April 12, 1955. It consists of an injected dose of… …
126Flow measurement — is the quantification of bulk fluid movement. Flow can be measured in a variety of ways. Positive displacement flow meters acumulate a fixed volume of fluid and then count the number of times the volume is filled to measure flow. Other flow… …
127Space charge — is a concept in which excess electric charge is treated as a continuum of charge distributed over a region of space (either a volume or an area) rather than distinct point like charges. This model typically applies when charge carriers have been… …
128Oil sands — The Athabasca oil sands in Alberta, Canada, are a very large source of bitumen, which can be upgraded to synthetic crude oil. Bituminous sands, colloquially known as oil sands or tar sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. The… …
