identity element
111Quasigroup — In mathematics, especially in abstract algebra, a quasigroup is an algebraic structure resembling a group in the sense that division is always possible. Quasigroups differ from groups mainly in that they need not be associative. A quasigroup with …
112Vector space — This article is about linear (vector) spaces. For the structure in incidence geometry, see Linear space (geometry). Vector addition and scalar multiplication: a vector v (blue) is added to another vector w (red, upper illustration). Below, w is… …
113Presentation of a group — In mathematics, one method of defining a group is by a presentation. One specifies a set S of generators so that every element of the group can be written as a product of some of these generators, and a set R of relations among those generators.… …
114Equivalence relation — In mathematics, an equivalence relation is a binary relation between two elements of a set which groups them together as being equivalent in some way. Let a , b , and c be arbitrary elements of some set X . Then a b or a ≡ b denotes that a is… …
115Permutation matrix — In mathematics, in matrix theory, a permutation matrix is a square (0,1) matrix that has exactly one entry 1 in each row and each column and 0 s elsewhere. Each such matrix represents a specific permutation of m elements and, when used to… …
116algebra — /al jeuh breuh/, n. 1. the branch of mathematics that deals with general statements of relations, utilizing letters and other symbols to represent specific sets of numbers, values, vectors, etc., in the description of such relations. 2. any of… …
117Empty set — ∅ redirects here. For similar looking symbols, see Ø (disambiguation). The empty set is the set containing no elements. In mathematics, and more specifically set theory, the empty set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality… …
118Lie group — Lie groups …
119Linear map — In mathematics, a linear map, linear mapping, linear transformation, or linear operator (in some contexts also called linear function) is a function between two vector spaces that preserves the operations of vector addition and scalar… …
120Peano axioms — In mathematical logic, the Peano axioms, also known as the Dedekind Peano axioms or the Peano postulates, are a set of axioms for the natural numbers presented by the 19th century Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano. These axioms have been used… …
