hydroxyl ion
31Fluoride — is the reduced form of fluorine. Both organic and inorganic compounds containing the element fluorine are considered fluorides. As a halogen, fluorine forms a monovalent ion (−1 charge). The range of fluorides is considerable as fluorine forms… …
32Anaerobic respiration — (anaerobiosis) refers to the oxidation of molecules in the absence of oxygen to produce energy, in opposition to aerobic respiration which does use oxygen. Anaerobic respiration processes require another electron acceptor to replace oxygen.… …
33hydroxideion — hydroxide ion n. The ion OH , characteristic of basic hydroxides. Also called hydroxyl ion. * * * …
34Eigen , Manfred — (1927–) German physical chemist Eigen, the son of a musician, was born at Bochum in Germany and educated at the University of Göttingen where he obtained his PhD in 1951. He joined the staff of the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry at… …
35Walden inversion — is the inversion of a chiral center in a molecule in a chemical reaction. Since a molecule can form two enantiomers around a chiral center, the Walden inversion converts the configuration of the molecule from one enantiomeric form to the other.… …
36Photocatalysis — In chemistry, photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a catalyst. In catalysed photolysis, light is absorbed by an adsorbed substrate. In photogenerated catalysis the photocatalytic activity (PCA) depends on the… …
37capacity — 1. The potential cubic contents of a cavity or receptacle. 2. Power to do. SEE ALSO: volume. [L. capax, able to contain; fr. capio, to take] buffer c. the amount of hydrogen ion (or hydroxyl ion) required to bring about a specific pH change in a… …
38Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) — An overview of electromagnetic radiation absorption. This example discusses the general principle using visible light as specific example. A white beam source emitting light of multiple wavelengths is focused on a sample (the complementary color… …
39Acid catalysis — In acid catalysis and base catalysis a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. The acid is often the proton and the base is often a hydroxyl ion. Typical reactions catalysed by proton transfer are esterfications and aldol reactions.… …
40Water absorption — is a phenomenon in the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a medium containing water molecules. Water molecules are excited by radiation at certain wavelengths and tend to selectively absorb portions of the spectrum while allowing… …
