graphical estimation
71Design of experiments — In general usage, design of experiments (DOE) or experimental design is the design of any information gathering exercises where variation is present, whether under the full control of the experimenter or not. However, in statistics, these terms… …
72Multivariate statistics — is a form of statistics encompassing the simultaneous observation and analysis of more than one statistical variable. The application of multivariate statistics is multivariate analysis. Methods of bivariate statistics, for example simple linear… …
73Statistical hypothesis testing — This article is about frequentist hypothesis testing which is taught in introductory statistics. For Bayesian hypothesis testing, see Bayesian inference. A statistical hypothesis test is a method of making decisions using data, whether from a… …
74Least squares — The method of least squares is a standard approach to the approximate solution of overdetermined systems, i.e., sets of equations in which there are more equations than unknowns. Least squares means that the overall solution minimizes the sum of… …
75Minimum description length — The minimum description length (MDL) principle is a formalization of Occam s Razor in which the best hypothesis for a given set of data is the one that leads to the best compression of the data. MDL was introduced by Jorma Rissanen in 1978. It is …
76Odds ratio — The odds ratio [1][2][3] is a measure of effect size, describing the strength of association or non independence between two binary data values. It is used as a descriptive statistic, and plays an important role in logistic regression. Unlike… …
77Effect size — In statistics, an effect size is a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables in a statistical population, or a sample based estimate of that quantity. An effect size calculated from data is a descriptive statistic that… …
78Errors and residuals in statistics — For other senses of the word residual , see Residual. In statistics and optimization, statistical errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of a sample from its theoretical value . The error of a… …
79Nonlinear regression — See Michaelis Menten kinetics for details In statistics, nonlinear regression is a form of regression analysis in which observational data are modeled by a function which is a nonlinear combination of the model parameters and depends on one or… …
80Optimal design — This article is about the topic in the design of experiments. For the topic in optimal control theory, see shape optimization. Gustav Elfving developed the optimal design of experiments, and so minimized surveyors need for theodolite measurements …
