give him the benefit of the doubt

  • 612. THE HEIFER (al-Baqarah) — In the name of God, the Gracious, the Merciful. 1. Alif, Lam, Meem. 2. This is the Book in which there is no doubt, a guide for the righteous. 3. Those who believe in the unseen, and perform the prayers, and give from what We have provided for… …

    Quran. Talal Itani translate

  • 62HISTORICAL SURVEY: THE STATE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS (1880–2006) — Introduction It took the new Jewish nation about 70 years to emerge as the State of Israel. The immediate stimulus that initiated the modern return to Zion was the disappointment, in the last quarter of the 19th century, of the expectation that… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 63England (Since the Reformation) —     England (Since the Reformation)     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► England (Since the Reformation)     The Protestant Reformation is the great dividing line in the history of England, as of Europe generally. This momentous Revolution, the outcome… …

    Catholic encyclopedia

  • 64Descartes: metaphysics and the philosophy of mind — John Cottingham THE CARTESIAN PROJECT Descartes is rightly regarded as one of the inaugurators of the modern age, and there is no doubt that his thought profoundly altered the course of Western philosophy. In no area has this influence been more… …

    History of philosophy

  • 65Sacrifice of the Mass — • The word Mass (missa) first established itself as the general designation for the Eucharistic Sacrifice in the West after the time of Pope Gregory the Great, the early Church having used the expression the breaking of bread (fractio panis) or… …

    Catholic encyclopedia

  • 66England (Before the Reformation) —     England (Before the Reformation)     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► England (Before the Reformation)     This term England is here restricted to one constituent, the largest and most populous, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.… …

    Catholic encyclopedia

  • 67COMMANDMENTS, THE 613 — (Heb. תַּרְיַ״ג מִצְווֹת, taryag mitzvot). The total number of biblical commandments (precepts and prohibitions) is given in rabbinic tradition as 613. R. Simlai, a Palestinian teacher, states: 613 commandments were revealed to Moses at Sinai,… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 68British moralists of the eighteenth century: Shaftesbury, Butler and Price — David McNaughton In this chapter I discuss the moral theories of three influential writers: Anthony Ashley Cooper, Third Earl of Shaftesbury (1671–1713); Joseph Butler (1692–1752) and Richard Price (1723–91). All three wrote extensively on issues …

    History of philosophy

  • 69Preamble to the United States Constitution — We the People redirects here. For other uses, see We the People (disambiguation). United States of America This artic …

    Wikipedia

  • 7022. THE PILGRIMAGE (al-Hajj) — In the name of God, the Gracious, the Merciful. 1. O people, be conscious of your Lord. The quaking of the Hour is a tremendous thing. 2. On the Day when you will see it, every nursing mother will discard her infant, and every pregnant woman will …

    Quran. Talal Itani translate