genetic method
71feminisation — method of direct sex reversal by the treatment of animals with doses of female hormones, e.g. oestradiol 17b, in the feed during the early stages of development. Drugs or genetic manipulation may also be used. Female fish are beneficial to… …
72gene therapy — method of treating disease (esp. genetic disorders) in which normal genes are introduced into the body in order to replace defective or absent genes (Medicine) …
73Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
74Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of reproduction — This article discusses Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of reproduction. Some plants reproduce by (more or less strict) self fertilization where pollen from a plant will fertilise reproductive cells or ovules of the same plant.… …
75Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
76Mass comparison — is a method developed by Joseph Greenberg to determine the level of genetic relatedness between languages. It is now usually called multilateral comparison. The method is generally rejected by linguists (Campbell 2001, p. 45), though it has… …
77Transformation (genetics) — An unrelated process called malignant transformation occurs in the progression of cancer. In molecular biology transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic… …
78Health and Disease — ▪ 2009 Introduction Food and Drug Safety. In 2008 the contamination of infant formula and related dairy products with melamine in China led to widespread health problems in children, including urinary problems and possible renal tube… …
79Computational phylogenetics — is the application of computational algorithms, methods and programs to phylogenetic analyses. The goal is to assemble a phylogenetic tree representing a hypothesis about the evolutionary ancestry of a set of genes, species, or other taxa. For… …
80Doubled haploidy — For a non technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to genetics. A doubled haploid (DH) is a genotype formed when haploid cells undergo chromosome doubling. Artificial production of doubled haploids is important in plant breeding.… …
