generalized method of moments
121Student's t-test — A t test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student s t distribution if the null hypothesis is supported. It is most commonly applied when the test statistic would follow a normal distribution if the value of …
122Alternative hypothesis — Main article: Statistical hypothesis testing In statistical hypothesis testing, the alternative hypothesis (or maintained hypothesis or research hypothesis) and the null hypothesis are the two rival hypotheses which are compared by a statistical… …
123Gold standard (test) — For other uses, see Gold standard (disambiguation). In medicine and statistics, gold standard test refers to a diagnostic test or benchmark that is the best available under reasonable conditions. It does not have to be necessarily the best… …
124Mathematical statistics — is the study of statistics from a mathematical standpoint, using probability theory as well as other branches of mathematics such as linear algebra and analysis. The term mathematical statistics is closely related to the term statistical theory… …
125Contingency table — In statistics, a contingency table (also referred to as cross tabulation or cross tab) is a type of table in a matrix format that displays the (multivariate) frequency distribution of the variables. It is often used to record and analyze the… …
126Failure rate — is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails, expressed for example in failures per hour. It is often denoted by the Greek letter λ (lambda) and is important in reliability engineering. The failure rate of a system usually… …
127Mode (statistics) — In statistics, the mode is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set or a probability distribution.[1] In some fields, notably education, sample data are often called scores, and the sample mode is known as the modal score.[2] Like the… …
128Confounding — factor redirects here. For other uses, see Confounding factor (disambiguation). In statistics, a confounding variable (also confounding factor, lurking variable, a confound, or confounder) is an extraneous variable in a statistical model that… …
