fractionation factor
1isotopic fractionation — ▪ chemistry enrichment of one isotope relative to another in a chemical or physical process. Two isotopes of an element are different in weight but not in gross chemical properties, which are determined by the number of electrons. However,… …
2Equilibrium fractionation — Equilibrium isotope fractionation is the partial separation of isotopes between two or more substances in chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium fractionation is strongest at low temperatures, and (along with kinetic isotope effects) forms the basis… …
3Kinetic isotope effect — The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) is the ratio of reaction rates of two different isotopically labeled molecules in a chemical reaction. It is also called isotope fractionation, although this term is somewhat broader in meaning. A KIE involving… …
4separation and purification — ▪ chemistry Introduction in chemistry, separation of a substance into its components and the removal of impurities. There are a large number of important applications in fields such as medicine and manufacturing. General principles… …
5chromatography — chromatographer, n. chromatographic /kreuh mat euh graf ik, kroh meuh teuh /, adj. chromatographically, adv. /kroh meuh tog reuh fee/, n. Chem. the separation of mixtures into their constituents by preferential adsorption by a solid, as a column… …
6cryptology — cryptologist, n. cryptologic /krip tl oj ik/, cryptological, adj. /krip tol euh jee/, n. 1. cryptography. 2. the science and study of cryptanalysis and cryptography. [1635 45; < NL cryptologia. See CRYPTO , LOGY] * * * Introduction …
7isotope — isotopic /uy seuh top ik/, adj. isotopically, adv. /uy seuh tohp /, n. Chem. any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in… …
8Edwin Joseph Cohn — (17 December 1892 ndash; 1 October 1953) was an early protein scientist. A graduate of Phillips Academy, Andover [1911] , and the University of Chicago [1914, PhD 1917] , he made important advances in the physical chemistry of proteins, and was… …
9Dole effect — The Dole effect describes an inequality in the ratio of the heavy isotope 18O (a standard oxygen atom with two additional neutrons) to the lighter 16O, measured in the atmosphere and seawater. This ratio is usually denoted δ18O. It was noticed in …
10Dr Myko San - Health from Mushrooms — Dr Myko San – Health from Mushrooms (Croatian: Dr Myko San – Zdravlje iz gljiva) is a Croatian private company, based in Zagreb, producing and selling medicinal mushroom preparations. Dr Ivan Jakopović (IPA2|jʌˈkoːpoʋiʨ) and Marija Jakopović… …
