formal input
11Finite-state machine — State machine redirects here. For infinite state machines, see State transition system. For fault tolerance methodology, see State machine replication. SFSM redirects here. For the Italian railway company, see Circumvesuviana. A finite state… …
12Algorithm — Flow chart of an algorithm (Euclid s algorithm) for calculating the greatest common divisor (g.c.d.) of two numbers a and b in locations named A and B. The algorithm proceeds by successive subtractions in two loops: IF the test B ≤ A yields yes… …
13Logicism — is one of the schools of thought in the philosophy of mathematics, putting forth the theory that mathematics is an extension of logic and therefore some or all mathematics is reducible to logic.[1] Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead… …
14Algorithm characterizations — The word algorithm does not have a generally accepted definition. Researchers are actively working in formalizing this term. This article will present some of the characterizations of the notion of algorithm in more detail. This article is a… …
15applied logic — Introduction the study of the practical art of right reasoning. The formalism (formal logic) and theoretical results of pure logic can be clothed with meanings derived from a variety of sources within philosophy as well as from other… …
16Computational complexity theory — is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science and mathematics that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty, and relating those classes to each other. In this context, a… …
17P versus NP problem — Unsolved problems in computer science Is P = NP ? …
18Nondeterministic finite-state machine — In the theory of computation, a nondeterministic finite state machine or nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) is a finite state machine where for each pair of state and input symbol there may be several possible next states. This distinguishes …
19Big O notation — In mathematics, big O notation is used to describe the limiting behavior of a function when the argument tends towards a particular value or infinity, usually in terms of simpler functions. It is a member of a larger family of notations that is… …
20Computability — You might be looking for Computable function, Computability theory, Computation, or Theory of computation. Computability is the ability to solve a problem in an effective manner. It is a key topic of the field of computability theory within… …
