foreseeability
21Intoxication defense — Criminal defensesGeneral intent crimes do not require an intent to break the law, just an unlawful act ( actus reus ) and an intent to act in such a fashion. Specific intent crimes, however, require a certain mental state ( mens rea ) to break… …
22Delict (Scots law) — Delict in Scots Law is, amongst other things, the responsibility to make reparation caused by breach of a duty of care or, arguably, the duty to refrain from committing such breaches. The equivalent in English law and other common law… …
23Rylands v. Fletcher — (1868) [Note: The reason the case is called Rylands v. Fletcher when the plaintiff was Fletcher is that the rule was confirmed on appeal by Rylands at the House of Lords (a higher court), hence the original case name is reversed.] LR 3 HL 330 is… …
24Re Polemis — In Re an Arbitration between Polemis and Furness, Withy Co., Ltd. , [1921] 3 K.B. 560 is a famous United Kingdom tort case on causation and remoteness. The Court of Appeal held that a defendant can be held liable for all consequences flowing from …
25World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson — SCOTUSCase Litigants=World Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson ArgueDate=October 3 ArgueYear=1979 DecideDate=January 21 DecideYear=1980 FullName=World Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson Docket=78 1078 USVol=444 USPage=286 Citation=100 S.Ct. 559; 62… …
26Dillon v. Legg — Supreme Court of California Decided June 21, 1968 Holding A bystander that suffers damages by the conduct of a negligent tortfeasor can recover for negligent inflictio …
27foresee — fore·see vt fore·saw, fore·seen, fore·see·ing: to be aware of the reasonable possibility of (as an occurrence or development) beforehand Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. foresee …
28Palsgraf Rule — The rule derived from the case of Palsgraf v. Long Island R. Co., 248 N.Y. 339, 162 N.E. 99, to the effect that one who is negligent is liable only for the harm or injury which is within the orbit of foreseeability and not for every injury which… …
29AVOT NEZIKIN — (Heb. אֲבוֹת נְזִיקִין; lit. Fathers of Damage ), the classification of torts . Certain passages in the Pentateuch (Ex. 21–22) have been expounded in the Talmud to form the basis on which tortious liability in Jewish law can be classified. The… …
30TORTS — The Principal Categories of Torts The liability of various tortfeasors is discussed in relative detail in the Torah. Four principal cases are considered: (1) where someone opens a pit into which an animal falls and dies (Ex. 21:33–4); (2) where… …
