first curvature
61Logic and the philosophy of mathematics in the nineteenth century — John Stillwell INTRODUCTION In its history of over two thousand years, mathematics has seldom been disturbed by philosophical disputes. Ever since Plato, who is said to have put the slogan ‘Let no one who is not a geometer enter here’ over the… …
62Riemann surface — For the Riemann surface of a subring of a field, see Zariski–Riemann space. Riemann surface for the function ƒ(z) = √z. The two horizontal axes represent the real and imaginary parts of z, while the vertical axis represents the real… …
63Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric — The Friedmann Lemaître Robertson Walker (FLRW) metric is an exact solution of Einstein s field equations of general relativity; it describes a simply connected, homogeneous, isotropic expanding or contracting universe. Depending on geographical… …
64Einstein–Cartan theory — in theoretical physics extends general relativity to correctly handle spin angular momentum. As the master theory of classical physics general relativity has one known flaw: it cannot describe spin orbit coupling , i.e., exchange of intrinsic… …
65Connection form — In mathematics, and specifically differential geometry, a connection form is a manner of organizing the data of a connection using the language of moving frames and differential forms. Historically, connection forms were introduced by Élie Cartan …
66Corner detection — Feature detection Output of a typical corner detection algorithm …
67differential geometry — Math. the branch of mathematics that deals with the application of the principles of differential and integral calculus to the study of curves and surfaces. * * * Field of mathematics in which methods of calculus are applied to the local geometry …
68Lens (optics) — For other uses, see Lens. A lens. Lenses can be used to focus light. A lens is an optical device with perfect or approximate axial symmetry which tra …
69Greek temple — Greek temples (Ancient Greek: polytonic|ὁ ναός , gr. ho naós dwelling , semantically distinct from Latin la. templum temple ) were structures built to house the cult statues within Greek sanctuaries. The temples themselves did usually not… …
70Manifold — For other uses, see Manifold (disambiguation). The sphere (surface of a ball) is a two dimensional manifold since it can be represented by a collection of two dimensional maps. In mathematics (specifically in differential geometry and topology),… …
