field-induced phase transition
21Ferromagnetism — Not to be confused with Ferrimagnetism; for an overview see Magnetism A magnet made of alnico, an iron alloy. Ferromagnetism is the physical theory which explains how materials become magnets. Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which… …
22Inflation (cosmology) — Inflation model and Inflation theory redirect here. For a general rise in the price level, see Inflation. For other uses, see Inflation (disambiguation). Physical cosmology …
23Jupiter — /jooh pi teuhr/, n. 1. Also called Jove. the supreme deity of the ancient Romans: the god of the heavens and of weather. Cf. Zeus. 2. Astron. the planet fifth in order from the sun, having an equatorial diameter of 88,729 mi. (142,796 km), a mean …
24Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …
25Non-topological soliton — In quantum field theory, a non topological soliton (NTS) is a field configuration possessing, contrary to a topological one, a conserved Noether charge and stable against transformation into usual particles of this field for the following reason …
26Liquid crystal display — LCD redirects here. For other uses, see LCD (disambiguation). Reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal display. Polarizing filter film with a vertical axis to polarize light as it enters. Glass substrate with ITO electrodes. The shapes of these… …
27Dielectric — A dielectric is an electrical insulator that can be polarized by an applied electric field. When a dielectric is placed in an electric field, electric charges do not flow through the material, as in a conductor, but only slightly shift from their …
28Magnetic circular dichroism — (MCD) is the differential absorption of left and right circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light, induced in a sample by a strong magnetic field oriented parallel to the direction of light propagation. MCD measurements can detect transitions which …
29Cosmic inflation — In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation is the idea that the universe passed through a phase of exponential expansion that was driven by a negative pressure vacuum energy density. [Liddle and Lyth (2000) and Mukhanov (2005) are recent cosmology… …
30Polymer — Appearance of real linear polymer chains as recorded using an atomic force microscope on surface under liquid medium. Chain contour length for this polymer is 204 nm; thickness is 0.4 nm.[1] A polymer is a large molecule (macromolecule …
