ferromagnetic materials
111Phase transition — This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. A phase transition is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase or state of matter to another. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter… …
112Induction cooker — Induction stove (top view) …
113Magnetic structure — The term magnetic structure of a material pertains to the ordered arrangement of magnetic spins, typically within an ordered crystallographic lattice. Its study is a branch of solid state chemistry. A very simple antiferromagnetic structure… …
114Ferrofluid — on glass, with a magnet underneath. A ferrofluid (portmanteau of ferromagnetic, and fluid) is a liquid which becomes strongly magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field. Ferrofluids are colloidal liquids made of nanoscale ferromagnetic, or… …
115Tunnel magnetoresistance — Magnetic tunnel junction (schematic) The Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is a magnetoresistive effect that occurs in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). This is a component consisting of two ferromagnets separated by a thin insulator. If the… …
116Magnetic core — A magnetic core is a piece of magnetic material with a high permeability used to confine and guide magnetic fields in electrical, electromechanical and magnetic devices such as electromagnets, transformers, electric motors, inductors and magnetic …
117Single-molecule magnet — Single molecule magnets or SMMs are a class of metalorganic compounds, that show superparamagnetic behavior below a certain blocking temperature at the molecular scale. In this temperature range, SMMs exhibit magnetic hysteresis of purely… …
118Coilgun — Gauss gun redirects here. For fictional weapons of this type, see electromagnetic projectile devices (fiction). Not to be confused with railgun. Simplified diagram of a multistage coilgun with three coils, a barrel, and a ferromagnetic projectile …
119Electromagnetic shielding — cages inside a disassembled mobile phone. Electromagnetic shielding is the process of reducing the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made of conductive and/or magnetic materials. Shielding is typically applied… …
120Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
