ferromagnetic ground state
1Antiferromagnetic interaction — An anti ferromagnetic interaction acts to anti align neighboring spins. If the energy is expressed as the sum of all pairs, i, j, over an interaction term J(i,j), times the spin of atom i times the spin of atom j, J0 is an antiferromagnetic… …
2Pi Josephson junction — A pi Josephson Junction is a specific instance of a Josephson Junction where the Josephson phase phi is equal to pi in the ground state, i.e. when no external currents or magnetic fields are applied to the Josephson junction. Background The… …
3Spin wave — Spin waves are propagating disturbances in the ordering of magnetic materials. These low lying collective excitations occur in magnetic lattices with continuous symmetry. From the equivalent quasiparticle point of view, spin waves are known as… …
4Single-molecule magnet — Single molecule magnets or SMMs are a class of metalorganic compounds, that show superparamagnetic behavior below a certain blocking temperature at the molecular scale. In this temperature range, SMMs exhibit magnetic hysteresis of purely… …
5Phase transition — This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. A phase transition is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase or state of matter to another. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter… …
6Magnet — This article is about objects and devices that produce magnetic fields. For a description of magnetic materials, see magnetism. For other uses, see Magnet (disambiguation) …
7Ferromagnetism — Not to be confused with Ferrimagnetism; for an overview see Magnetism A magnet made of alnico, an iron alloy. Ferromagnetism is the physical theory which explains how materials become magnets. Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which… …
8Geometrically frustrated magnet — Geometrical frustration and ice rules The word frustration was introduced to describe the situation where a system cannot simultaneously minimize the interaction energies between its components [cite journal last = Schiffer first = P. authorlink …
9Mössbauer spectroscopy — A Mössbauer absorption spectrum of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique based on the Mössbauer effect. This effect, discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer in 1957, consists in the recoil free, resonant absorption and emission of gamma …
10Atom — The atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. An atom has an electron cloud consisting of negatively charged electrons surrounding a dense nucleus. The nucleus contains positively charged… …
