expectation value
51Variational Monte Carlo — Variational Monte Carlo(VMC) is a quantum Monte Carlo method that applies the variational method to approximate the ground state of the system. The expectation value necessary can be written in the x representation as frac{langle Psi(a) | H |… …
52Higgs boson — Infobox Particle name = Higgs boson caption = num types = composition = Elementary particle family = Boson group = generation = interaction = particle = antiparticle = status = Hypothetical theorized = F. Englert, R. Brout, P. Higgs, G. S.… …
53Cumulant — In probability theory and statistics, the cumulants κn of a probability distribution are a set of quantities that provide an alternative to the moments of the distribution. The moments determine the cumulants in the sense that any two probability …
54Moduli (physics) — In quantum field theory, the term moduli (or more properly moduli fields) is sometimes used to refer to scalar fields whose potential energy function has continuous families of global minima. Such potential functions frequently occur in… …
55Determination of equilibrium constants — Equilibrium constants are determined in order to quantify chemical equilibria. When an equilibrium constant is expressed as a concentration quotient, it is implied that the activity quotient is constant. In order for this assumption to be valid… …
56von Mises distribution — von Mises Probability density function The support is chosen to be [ π,π] with μ=0 Cumulative distribution function The support is chosen to be [ π,π] with μ=0 …
57Dipole — This article is about the electromagnetic phenomenon. For other uses, see dipole (disambiguation). The Earth s magnetic field, approximated as a magnetic dipole. However, the N and S (north and south) poles are labeled here geographically, which… …
58Maximum likelihood — In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model. When applied to a data set and given a statistical model, maximum likelihood estimation provides estimates for the model s… …
59Wightman axioms — Quantum field theory (Feynman diagram) …
60Top quark — Infobox Particle bgcolour = name = Top Quark caption = num types = composition = Elementary particle family = Fermion group = Quark generation = Third interaction = particle = antiparticle = theorized = discovered = CDF and D0 collaborations,… …
