excited atom
21Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure — (EXAFS), or more simply X ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), is an experimental method in physics and chemistry of determining the bonding of solids by analyzing oscillations in x ray absorption versus photon energy that are caused by… …
22nebula — nebular, adj. /neb yeuh leuh/, n., pl. nebulae / lee , luy /, nebulas. 1. Astron. a. Also called diffuse nebula. a cloud of interstellar gas and dust. Cf. dark nebula, emission nebula, reflection nebula …
23Forbidden mechanism — A forbidden mechanism or forbidden line is a concept in physics/chemistry. It is a spectral line emitted by atoms undergoing energy transitions not normally allowed by the selection rules of quantum mechanics. In chemistry, forbidden means… …
24Auger electron spectroscopy — (AES; Auger pronounced|oːʒeː in French) is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials science. Underlying the spectroscopic technique is the Auger effect, as it has come… …
25Cavity quantum electrodynamics — (cavity QED) is the study of the interaction between light confined in a reflective cavity and atoms or other particles, under conditions where the quantum nature of light photons is significant. It could in principle be used to construct a… …
26nuclear fusion — fusion (def. 4). [1895 1900] * * * Process by which nuclear reactions between light elements form heavier ones, releasing huge amounts of energy. In 1939 Hans Bethe suggested that the energy output of the sun and other stars is a result of fusion …
27Bohr model — In atomic physics, the Bohr model created by Niels Bohr depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus mdash;similar in structure to the solar system, but with… …
28stimulated emission — ▪ physics in laser action, the release of energy from an excited atom by artificial means. According to Albert Einstein (Einstein, Albert), when more atoms occupy a higher energy state than a lower one under normal temperature equilibrium… …
29Vacuum Rabi oscillation — A vacuum Rabi oscillation is a damped oscillation of an initially excited atom coupled to an electromagnetic resonator or cavity in which the atom alternately emits photon(s) into a single mode electromagnetic cavity and reabsorbs them. The atom… …
30ex|cit´ed|ly — ex|cit|ed «ehk SY tihd», adjective. 1. stirred up; aroused: »The excited mob rushed into the mayor s office. SYNONYM(S): disturbed, agitated. 2. electrified. 3. magnetized. 4. having one or more electrons raised to a higher state of energy;… …
