error probability bound
121Linear least squares/Proposed — Linear least squares is an important computational problem, that arises primarily in applications when it is desired to fit a linear mathematical model to observations obtained from experiments. Mathematically, it can be stated as the problem of… …
122Crossing number (graph theory) — A drawing of the Heawood graph with three crossings. This is the minimum number of crossings among all drawings of this graph, so the graph has crossing number cr(G) = 3. In graph theory, the crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the… …
123Thermodynamic temperature — is the absolute measure of temperature and is one of the principal parameters of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic temperature is an “absolute” scale because it is the measure of the fundamental property underlying temperature: its null or zero point …
124Big O notation — In mathematics, big O notation is used to describe the limiting behavior of a function when the argument tends towards a particular value or infinity, usually in terms of simpler functions. It is a member of a larger family of notations that is… …
125VC dimension — In computational learning theory, the VC dimension (for Vapnik Chervonenkis dimension) is a measure of the capacity of a statistical classification algorithm, defined as the cardinality of the largest set of points that the algorithm can shatter …
126international relations — a branch of political science dealing with the relations between nations. [1970 75] * * * Study of the relations of states with each other and with international organizations and certain subnational entities (e.g., bureaucracies and political… …
127Appeal — For other uses, see Appeal (disambiguation). An appeal is a petition for review of a case that has been decided by a court of law. The petition is made to a higher court for the purpose of overturning the lower court s decision. The District of… …
128science, philosophy of — Branch of philosophy that attempts to elucidate the nature of scientific inquiry observational procedures, patterns of argument, methods of representation and calculation, metaphysical presuppositions and evaluate the grounds of their validity… …
