equivalent matrices
21Normal matrix — A complex square matrix A is a normal matrix if where A* is the conjugate transpose of A. That is, a matrix is normal if it commutes with its conjugate transpose. If A is a real matrix, then A*=AT. Hence, the matrix is normal if ATA = AAT.… …
22Euler angles — The Euler angles were developed by Leonhard Euler to describe the orientation of a rigid body (a body in which the relative position of all its points is constant) in 3 dimensional Euclidean space. To give an object a specific orientation it may… …
23Orthogonal matrix — In linear algebra, an orthogonal matrix (less commonly called orthonormal matrix[1]), is a square matrix with real entries whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors (i.e., orthonormal vectors). Equivalently, a matrix Q is orthogonal if… …
24Orthogonal group — Group theory Group theory …
25Canonical form — Generally, in mathematics, a canonical form (often called normal form or standard form) of an object is a standard way of presenting that object. Canonical form can also mean a differential form that is defined in a natural (canonical) way; see… …
26Singular value decomposition — Visualization of the SVD of a 2 dimensional, real shearing matrix M. First, we see the unit disc in blue together with the two canonical unit vectors. We then see the action of M, which distorts the disk to an ellipse. The SVD decomposes M into… …
27Dirac equation — Quantum field theory (Feynman diagram) …
28Complex Hadamard matrix — A complex Hadamard matrix is any complex matrix H satisfying two conditions: unimodularity (the modulus of each entry is unity): orthogonality: , where denotes the Hermitian transpose of H and …
29Linear map — In mathematics, a linear map, linear mapping, linear transformation, or linear operator (in some contexts also called linear function) is a function between two vector spaces that preserves the operations of vector addition and scalar… …
30Eigenvalue, eigenvector and eigenspace — In mathematics, given a linear transformation, an Audio|De eigenvector.ogg|eigenvector of that linear transformation is a nonzero vector which, when that transformation is applied to it, changes in length, but not direction. For each eigenvector… …
