enumerable language
41Gödel's completeness theorem — is a fundamental theorem in mathematical logic that establishes a correspondence between semantic truth and syntactic provability in first order logic. It was first proved by Kurt Gödel in 1929. A first order formula is called logically valid if… …
42Fuzzy logic — is a form of multi valued logic derived from fuzzy set theory to deal with reasoning that is approximate rather than precise. Just as in fuzzy set theory the set membership values can range (inclusively) between 0 and 1, in fuzzy logic the degree …
43Comparison of programming languages (list comprehension) — Programming language comparisons General comparison Basic syntax Basic instructions Arrays Associative arrays String operations …
44Enumeration — In mathematics and theoretical computer science, the broadest and most abstract definition of an enumeration of a set is an exact listing of all of its elements (perhaps with repetition). The restrictions imposed on the type of list used depend… …
45Recursive set — In computability theory, a set of natural numbers is called recursive, computable or decidable if there is an algorithm which terminates after a finite amount of time and correctly decides whether or not a given number belongs to the set. A more… …
46Many-one reduction — In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a many one reduction is a reduction which converts instances of one decision problem into instances of a second decision problem. Reductions are thus used to measure the relative… …
47Decision problem — A decision problem has only two possible outputs, yes or no (or alternately 1 or 0) on any input. In computability theory and computational complexity theory, a decision problem is a question in some formal system with a yes or no answer,… …
48First-order logic — is a formal logical system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It goes by many names, including: first order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic (a less… …
49Algorithm — Flow chart of an algorithm (Euclid s algorithm) for calculating the greatest common divisor (g.c.d.) of two numbers a and b in locations named A and B. The algorithm proceeds by successive subtractions in two loops: IF the test B ≤ A yields yes… …
50RE (complexity) — In computability theory and computational complexity theory, RE (recursively enumerable) is the class of decision problems for which a yes answer can be verified by a Turing machine in a finite amount of time.[1] Informally, it means that if the… …
