endomorphism
101Ring homomorphism — In ring theory or abstract algebra, a ring homomorphism is a function between two rings which respects the operations of addition and multiplication. More precisely, if R and S are rings, then a ring homomorphism is a function f : R → S such that …
102Square root — Measured fall time of a small steel sphere falling from various heights. The data is in good agreement with the predicted fall time of , where h is the height and g is the acceleration of gravity. In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a… …
103Spinor — In mathematics and physics, in particular in the theory of the orthogonal groups (such as the rotation or the Lorentz groups), spinors are elements of a complex vector space introduced to expand the notion of spatial vector. Unlike tensors, the… …
104Vector space — This article is about linear (vector) spaces. For the structure in incidence geometry, see Linear space (geometry). Vector addition and scalar multiplication: a vector v (blue) is added to another vector w (red, upper illustration). Below, w is… …
105P-adic number — In mathematics, the p adic number systems were first described by Kurt Hensel in 1897 [cite journal | last = Hensel | first = Kurt | title = Über eine neue Begründung der Theorie der algebraischen Zahlen | journal =… …
106Initial and terminal objects — Terminal element redirects here. For the project management concept, see work breakdown structure. In category theory, an abstract branch of mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that for every object X in C,… …
107Additive category — In mathematics, specifically in category theory, an additive category is a preadditive category C such that any finitely many objects A 1,..., A n of C have a biproduct A 1 ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ A n in C. (Recall that a category C is preadditive if all its… …
108Meromorphic function — In complex analysis, a meromorphic function on an open subset D of the complex plane is a function that is holomorphic on all D except a set of isolated points, which are poles for the function. (The terminology comes from the Ancient Greek meros …
109Graded algebra — In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded algebra is an algebra over a field (or commutative ring) with an extra piece of structure, known as a gradation (or grading ). Graded rings A graded ring A is a ring that has a direct sum… …
110Riemann curvature tensor — In the mathematical field of differential geometry, the Riemann curvature tensor or Riemann–Christoffel tensor is the most standard way to express curvature of Riemannian manifolds. It is one of many things named after Bernhard Riemann and Elwin… …
