electron wave function
51Exchange interaction — In physics, the exchange interaction is a quantum mechanical effect without classical analog which increases or decreases the expectation value of the energy or distance between two or more identical particles when their wave functions overlap.… …
52Dihydrogen cation — The hydrogen molecular ion, dihydrogen cation, or H2+, is the simplest molecular ion. It is composed of two positively charged protons and one negatively charged electron, and can be formed from ionization of a neutral hydrogen molecule. It is of …
53atom — /at euhm/, n. 1. Physics. a. the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical… …
54Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
55Introduction to gauge theory — This article is an accessible, non technical introduction to the subject. For the main encyclopedia article, see Gauge theory. Quantum field theory …
56Photon — This article is about the elementary particle of light. For other uses, see Photon (disambiguation). Photon Photons emitted in a coherent beam from a laser Composition Elementary particle …
57Bohm interpretation — The Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics, sometimes called Bohmian mechanics, the ontological interpretation, or the causal interpretation, is an interpretation postulated by David Bohm in 1952 as an extension of Louis de Broglie s pilot wave …
58Copenhagen interpretation — Quantum mechanics Uncertainty principle …
59De Broglie–Bohm theory — Quantum mechanics Uncertainty principle …
60High-temperature superconductivity — Unsolved problems in physics What causes superconductivity at temperatures above 50 kelvin? High temperature superconductors (abbreviated high Tc or HTS) are materials that have a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) above 30 K… …
