electric double refraction
11industrial glass — Introduction solid material that is normally lustrous and transparent in appearance and that shows great durability under exposure to the natural elements. These three properties lustre, transparency, and durability make glass a favoured… …
12Kerr electro-optic effect — ▪ physics in physics, the inducement of double refraction of light in a transparent substance when a strong electric field is applied in a direction transverse to the beam of light. In double refraction, the index of refraction (a measure… …
13Photon polarization — is the quantum mechanical description of the classical polarized sinusoidal plane electromagnetic wave. Individual photons are completely polarized. Their polarization state can be linear or circular, or it can be elliptical, which is anywhere in …
14Optical phenomenon — An optical phenomenon is any observable event that results from the interaction of light and matter. See also list of optical topics and optics. A mirage is an example of an optical phenomenon. Common optical phenomena are often due to the… …
15Against the Day — infobox Book | name = Against the Day image caption = First edition cover author = Thomas Pynchon country = United States language = English genre = Novel publisher = Penguin Press release date = November 21, 2006 pages = 1085 pp media type =… …
16liquid crystal — a liquid having certain crystalline characteristics, esp. different optical properties in different directions when exposed to an electric field. [1890 95] * * * Substance that flows like a liquid but maintains some of the ordered structure… …
17James Clerk Maxwell — (1831–1879) Born 13 June 1831 …
18Franz Ernst Neumann — Infobox Scientist name = Franz Ernst Neumann |300px image width = 300px caption = Franz Ernst Neumann birth date = birth date|1798|9|11|df=y birth place = Joachimsthal, Germany death date = death date and age|1895|5|23|1798|9|11|df=y death place …
19minus — Negative Neg a*tive (n[e^]g [.a]*t[i^]v), a. [F. n[ e]gatif, L. negativus, fr. negare to deny. See {Negation}.] 1. Denying; implying, containing, or asserting denial, negation or refusal; returning the answer no to an inquiry or request; refusing …
20Negative — Neg a*tive (n[e^]g [.a]*t[i^]v), a. [F. n[ e]gatif, L. negativus, fr. negare to deny. See {Negation}.] 1. Denying; implying, containing, or asserting denial, negation or refusal; returning the answer no to an inquiry or request; refusing assent;… …
