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  • 21Poland — /poh leuhnd/, n. a republic in E central Europe, on the Baltic Sea. 38,700,291; ab. 121,000 sq. mi. (313,400 sq. km). Cap.: Warsaw. Polish, Polska. * * * Poland Introduction Poland Background: Poland is an ancient nation that was conceived around …

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  • 22Spain — /spayn/, n. a kingdom in SW Europe. Including the Balearic and Canary islands, 39,244,195; 194,988 sq. mi. (505,019 sq. km). Cap.: Madrid. Spanish, España. * * * Spain Introduction Spain Background: Spain s powerful world empire of the 16th and… …

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  • 23Pakistan — /pak euh stan , pah keuh stahn /, n. 1. Islamic Republic of, a republic in S Asia, between India and Afghanistan: formerly part of British India; known as West Pakistan from 1947 71 to distinguish it from East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).… …

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  • 24Zimbabwe — Zimbabwean, adj., n. /zim bahb way, wee/, n. 1. Formerly, Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia. a republic in S Africa: a former British colony and part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland; gained independence 1980. 11,423,175; 150,330 sq. mi.… …

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  • 25HISTORICAL SURVEY: THE STATE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS (1880–2006) — Introduction It took the new Jewish nation about 70 years to emerge as the State of Israel. The immediate stimulus that initiated the modern return to Zion was the disappointment, in the last quarter of the 19th century, of the expectation that… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 26ECONOMIC AFFAIRS — THE PRE MANDATE (LATE OTTOMAN) PERIOD Geography and Borders In September 1923 a new political entity was formally recognized by the international community. Palestine, or Ereẓ Israel as Jews have continued to refer to it for 2,000 years,… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 27jordan — /jawr dn/, n. Brit. Dial. See chamber pot. [1350 1400; ME jurdan urinal, perh. after JORDAN, the river, by coarse jesting] * * * Jordan Introduction Jordan Background: For most of its history since independence from British administration in 1946 …

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  • 28Jordan — Jordanian /jawr day nee euhn/, n., adj. /jawr dn/; for 3 also Fr. /zhawrdd dahonn /, n. 1. David Starr /stahr/, 1851 1931, U.S. biologist and educator. 2. June, born 1936, U.S. poet, novelist, and essayist. 3. Marie Ennemond Camille /mann rddee… …

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  • 29international relations — a branch of political science dealing with the relations between nations. [1970 75] * * * Study of the relations of states with each other and with international organizations and certain subnational entities (e.g., bureaucracies and political… …

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  • 30Law, Crime, and Law Enforcement — ▪ 2006 Introduction Trials of former heads of state, U.S. Supreme Court rulings on eminent domain and the death penalty, and high profile cases against former executives of large corporations were leading legal and criminal issues in 2005.… …

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