directional evolution
21social change — ▪ sociology Introduction in sociology, the alteration of mechanisms within the social structure, characterized by changes in cultural symbols, rules of behaviour, social organizations, or value systems. Throughout the historical… …
22Natural selection — For other uses, see Natural Selection (disambiguation). Part of a series on Evolutionary Biology …
23Sound localization — refers to a listener s ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. It may also refer to the methods in acoustical engineering to simulate the placement of an auditory cue in a virtual 3D space (see… …
24Dawkins vs. Gould —   First edition cover …
25History of paleontology — The history of paleontology traces the effort to understand the history of life on Earth by studying the fossil record left behind by living organisms. Paleontology is a field of biology, but its development has been closely tied to geology and… …
26Shoot 'em up — For the film genre, see Western (genre). For the 2007 action film, see Shoot Em Up …
27Disruptive selection — A chart showing three types of selection Disruptive selection, also called diversifying selection, describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values. In this case, the variance of… …
28Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
29Fermi paradox — The Fermi paradox is the apparent contradiction between high estimates of the probability of the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations and the lack of evidence for, or contact with, such civilizations.The extreme age of the universe and its …
30Orthogenesis — Orthogenesis, orthogenetic evolution, progressive evolution or autogenesis, is the hypothesis that life has an innate tendency to evolve in a unilinear fashion due to some internal or external driving force . The hypothesis is based on… …
