direction of lay
121ECONOMIC HISTORY — This article is arranged according to the following outline: first temple period exile and restoration second temple period talmudic era muslim middle ages medieval christendom economic doctrines early modern period sephardim and ashkenazim… …
122REFORM JUDAISM — REFORM JUDAISM, first of the modern interpretations of Judaism to emerge in response to the changed political and cultural conditions brought about by the emancipation . The Reform movement was a bold historical response to the dramatic events of …
123hand tool — any tool or implement designed for manual operation. * * * Introduction any of the implements used by craftsmen in manual operations, such as chopping, chiseling, sawing, filing, or forging. Complementary tools, often needed as auxiliaries to… …
124pre-Columbian civilizations — Introduction the aboriginal American Indian (Mesoamerican Indian) cultures that evolved in Meso America (part of Mexico and Central America) and the Andean region (western South America) prior to Spanish exploration and conquest in the 16th …
125New Orleans — • Archdiocese in the southern United States Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. New Orleans New Orleans † …
126Nicholas Nickleby — The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby Pour les articles homonymes, voir Nicholas Nickleby (homonymie). Nicholas Nickleby …
127NEW YORK CITY — NEW YORK CITY, foremost city of the Western Hemisphere and largest urban Jewish community in history; pop. 7,771,730 (1970), est. Jewish pop. 1,836,000 (1968); metropolitan area 11,448,480 (1970), metropolitan area Jewish (1968), 2,381,000… …
128University of Pittsburgh — Infobox University name=University of Pittsburgh motto= Veritas et Virtus (Latin) mottoeng= Truth and Virtue tagline= Leader in education, pioneer in research, partner in regional development established= February 28, 1787 type=State related… …
