direct expenditures
1Direct lobbying in the United States — are direct methods used by lobbyists to influence United States legislative bodies. Interest groups from many sectors spend billions of dollars on lobbying. There are three lobbying laws in the U.S. They require that a lobbying entity must be… …
2Direct operations — is the term for when a central bank purchases bonds directly from its government. Direct operations work as follows: Governments typically sell bonds when their expenditures exceed revenue from taxes (this is known as a budget deficit). This… …
3Direct marketing — For distribution and retail sales of comic books, see direct market. Marketing Key concepts …
4direct cost — noun also direct charge : a cost that may be computed and identified directly with a product, function, or activity and that usually involves expenditures for raw materials and direct labor and sometimes specific and identifiable items of… …
5government budget — Forecast of governmental expenditures and revenues for the ensuing fiscal year. In modern industrial economies, the budget is the key instrument for the execution of government economic policies. Because government budgets may promote or retard… …
6Hidden Welfare State — The Hidden Welfare State is a term coined by Christopher Howard, assistant professor of government at the College of William and Mary, to refer to tax expenditures with social welfare objectives that are often not included in discussions about… …
7П — Пааше индекс [Paasche price index] Пагамент (Payment in cash) Пай (share, stock, stake) Пакет акций (interest, stock ) Пакетный множитель (blockage factor) …
8Input-output model — The Input output model of economics uses a matrix representation of a nation s (or a region s) economy to predict the effect of changes in one industry on others and by consumers, government, and foreign suppliers on the economy. This model, if… …
9501(c) — is a provision of the United States Internal Revenue Code (usc|26|501(c)), listing 28 types of non profit organizations exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 list the requirements for attaining such exemptions. Many… …
10Subprime mortgage crisis — Part of a series on: Late 2000s financial crisis Major dimensions …
