dielectric constant
91Force field (chemistry) — In the context of molecular mechanics, a force field (also called a forcefield) refers to the functional form and parameter sets used to describe the potential energy of a system of particles (typically but not necessarily atoms). Force field… …
92Protein precipitation — Precipitation is widely used in downstream processing of biological products, such as proteins. [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/home/home.do] This unit operation serves to concentrate and fractionate the target product from various contaminants. For… …
93Mathematical descriptions of opacity — When an electromagnetic wave travels through a medium in which it gets absorbed (this is called an opaque or attenuating medium), it undergoes exponential decay as described by the Beer–Lambert law. However, there are many possible ways to… …
94Crystal (software) — For other uses, see Crystal (disambiguation). CRYSTAL is a quantum chemistry ab initio program, designed primarily for calculations on crystals (3 dimensions), slabs (2 dimensions) and polymers (1 dimension) using translational symmetry, but it… …
95Partial discharge — In electrical engineering, a partial discharge (PD) is a localised dielectric breakdown of a small portion of a solid or liquid electrical insulation system under high voltage stress. While a corona discharge is usually revealed by a relatively… …
96Microwave oven — A modern microwave oven …
97Waveguide (electromagnetism) — In electromagnetics and communications engineering, the term waveguide may refer to any linear structure that guides electromagnetic waves. However, the original and most common meaning is a hollow metal pipe used for this purpose.A dielectric… …
98Photonic crystal — The opal in this bracelet contains a natural periodic microstructure responsible for its iridescent color. It is essentially a natural photonic crystal, although it does not have a complete photonic band gap. Photonic crystals are periodic… …
99Constitutive equation — Many defining equations are in the form of a constitutive equation, since parameters of a property or effect associated matter are characteristic to the substance in question. A large number of other defining equations not specifically… …
100Thermistor — A thermistor is a type of resistor with resistance varying according to its temperature. The word is a portmanteau of thermal and resistor . Samuel Ruben invented the thermistor in 1930, and was awarded… …
