data processing reading
91Official statistics — on Germany in 2010, published in UNECE Countries in Figures 2011. Official statistics are statistics published by government agencies or other public bodies such as international organizations. They provide quantitative or qualitative information …
92MVS — For other uses, see MVS (disambiguation). History of IBM mainframe operating systems On early mainframe computers: GM OS GM NAA I/O 1955 BESYS 1957 UMES 1958 SOS 1959 IBSYS 1960 CTSS 1961 On S/360 and successors: BOS/360 1965 TOS/360 1965 …
93CODASYL — (often spelled Codasyl ) is an acronym for Conference on Data Systems Languages . This was a consortium formed in 1959 to guide the development of a standard programming language that could be used on many computers. This effort led to the… …
94MapReduce — is a software framework introduced by Google in 2004 to support distributed computing on large data sets on clusters of computers.[1] Parts of the framework are patented in some countries.[2] The framework is inspired by the map and reduce… …
95Comparison of programming languages — Programming language comparisons General comparison Basic syntax Basic instructions Arrays Associative arrays String operations …
96Economy of the People's Republic of China — Economies of Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau are administered separately from the rest of People s Republic of China. Therefore, the information below pertains only to mainland China unless specified otherwise. For the… …
97Global Positioning System — GPS redirects here. For other uses, see GPS (disambiguation). Geodesy Fundamentals …
98Computational epigenetics — Computational epigenetics[1] [2] uses bioinformatic methods[clarification needed] to complement experimental research in epigenetics. Due to the recent explosion of epigenome datasets, computational methods play an increasing role in all areas of …
99optics — /op tiks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) the branch of physical science that deals with the properties and phenomena of both visible and invisible light and with vision. [1605 15; < ML optica < Gk optiká, n. use of neut. pl. of OPTIKÓS; see OPTIC,… …
100DAC-1 — DAC 1, for Design Augmented by Computer, was one of the earliest graphical computer aided design systems. Developed by General Motors, IBM was brought in as a partner in 1960 and the two developed the system and released it to production in 1963 …
