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61Italy — • In ancient times Italy had several other names: it was called Saturnia, in honour of Saturn; Enotria, wine producing land; Ausonia, land of the Ausonians; Hesperia, land to the west (of Greece); Tyrrhenia, etc. The name Italy, which seems to… …
62Format-preserving encryption — In cryptography, format preserving encryption (FPE) refers to encrypting in such a way that the output (the ciphertext) is in the same format as the input (the plaintext). The meaning of format varies. Typically only finite domains are discussed …
63Russia — /rush euh/, n. 1. Also called Russian Empire. Russian, Rossiya. a former empire in E Europe and N and W Asia: overthrown by the Russian Revolution 1917. Cap.: St. Petersburg (1703 1917). 2. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 3. See Russian… …
64Bond (finance) — In finance, a bond is a debt security, in which the authorized issuer owes the holders a debt and, depending on the terms of the bond, is obliged to pay interest (the coupon) to use and/or to repay the principal at a later date, termed maturity.… …
65Individual Voluntary Arrangement — In the UK, Individual Voluntary Arrangements (IVAs) are a formal alternative for individuals wishing to avoid bankruptcy. The IVA was established by the Insolvency Act 1986 and constitutes a formal repayment proposal presented to a debtor s… …
66income tax — a tax levied on incomes, esp. an annual government tax on personal incomes. [1790 1800] * * * Levy imposed by public authority on the incomes of persons or corporations within its jurisdiction. In nations with an advanced system of private… …
67Computers and Information Systems — ▪ 2009 Introduction Smartphone: The New Computer. The market for the smartphone in reality a handheld computer for Web browsing, e mail, music, and video that was integrated with a cellular telephone continued to grow in 2008. According to… …
68Cadillac Sedan de Ville — deVille and De Ville redirect here. For other uses, see Deville. Cadillac de Ville Manufacturer General Motors Production 1949–2005 …
69Mark S. Berry — Mark S Berry: Attack Media Group and Deevel s Chairman. Mark S. Berry is a music producer[1] who has to his credit 36 international Gold and Platinum record awards. He is also chairman of Attack Media Group[ …
70Capital, Volume I — is the first of three volumes in Karl Marx s monumental work, Das Kapital, and the only volume to be published during his lifetime. Originally published in 1867, Marx s aim in Capital, Volume I is to uncover and explain the laws specific to the… …
