convex function
91Absolute value — For the philosophical term, see Value (ethics). For the Akrobatik album, see Absolute Value (album). In mathematics, the absolute value (or modulus) |a| of a real number a is the numerical value of a without regard to its sign. So, for example,… …
92Geometric median — The geometric median of a discrete set of sample points in a Euclidean space is the point minimizing the sum of distances to the sample points. This generalizes the median, which has the property of minimizing the sum of distances for one… …
93Martingale (probability theory) — For the martingale betting strategy , see martingale (betting system). Stopped Brownian motion is an example of a martingale. It can be used to model an even coin toss betting game with the possibility of bankruptcy. In probability theory, a… …
94Conditional expectation — In probability theory, a conditional expectation (also known as conditional expected value or conditional mean) is the expected value of a real random variable with respect to a conditional probability distribution. The concept of conditional… …
95Classical general equilibrium model — The classical general equilibrium model aims to describe the economy by aggregating the behavior of individuals and firms. Note that the classical general equilibrium model is unrelated to classical economics, and was instead developed within… …
96Second derivative test — In calculus, a branch of mathematics, the second derivative test is a criterion often useful for determining whether a given stationary point of a function is a local maximum or a local minimum.The test states: If the function f is twice… …
97Circle packing theorem — Example of the circle packing theorem on K5, the complete graph on five vertices, minus one edge. The circle packing theorem (also known as the Koebe–Andreev–Thurston theorem) describes the possible tangency relations between circles in the plane …
98Càdlàg — In mathematics, a càdlàg (French continue à droite, limite à gauche ), RCLL (“right continuous with left limits”), or corlol (“continuous on (the) right, limit on (the) left”) function is a function defined on the real numbers (or a subset of… …
99Martin Beale — Evelyn Martin Lansdowne Beale FRS (8 September 1928 1985) was an applied mathematician and statistician who was one of the pioneers of mathematical programming.[1] Contents 1 Career 2 Memorials 3 Publications …
100Positive-definite matrix — In linear algebra, a positive definite matrix is a matrix that in many ways is analogous to a positive real number. The notion is closely related to a positive definite symmetric bilinear form (or a sesquilinear form in the complex case). The… …
