consumers demand
31aggregate demand — The sum of demands for all the goods and services in an economy at any particular time. Made a central concept in macroeconomics by J. M. Keynes (1883 1946), it is usually defined as the sum of consumers expenditure (see consumption), investment …
32Utility demand-side management costs — The costs incurred by the utility to achieve the capacity and energy savings from the Demand Side Management (DSM) Program. Costs incurred by consumers or third parties are to be excluded. The costs are to be reported in nominal dollars in the… …
33negative demand — /ˌnegətɪv dɪ mɑ:nd/ noun firm decisions by consumers not to buy a particular product ● Negative demand was due to offensive advertising …
34In-house Demand-Side Management (DSM) program sponsor — The building s owner or management encourages consumers in the building to improve energy efficiency, reduce energy costs, change timing or energy usage, or promote the use of a different energy source by sponsoring its own DSM programs. U.S …
35Incentives Demand-Side Management (DSM) program assistance — This DSM program assistance offers monetary or non monetary awards to encourage consumers to buy energy efficient equipment and to participate in programs designed to reduce energy usage. Examples of incentives are zero or low interest loans,… …
36Other demand-side management (DSM) assistance programs — A DSM program assistance that includes alternative rate, fuel switching, and any other DSM assistance programs that are offered to consumers to encourage their participation in DSM programs. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information… …
37Business and Industry Review — ▪ 1999 Introduction Overview Annual Average Rates of Growth of Manufacturing Output, 1980 97, Table Pattern of Output, 1994 97, Table Index Numbers of Production, Employment, and Productivity in Manufacturing Industries, Table (For Annual… …
38economics — /ek euh nom iks, ee keuh /, n. 1. (used with a sing. v.) the science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind. 2. (used with a pl. v.) financial considerations;… …
39Smart power grid — Smart Grid is a transformed electricity transmission and distribution network or grid that uses robust two way communications, advanced sensors, and distributed computers to improve the efficiency, reliability and safety of power delivery and use …
40Health care reform in the United States — ] Current estimates put U.S. health care spending at approximately 16% of GDP. [http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/25 NHE Fact Sheet.asp#TopOfPage National Health Expenditure Data: NHE Fact Sheet, ] Centers for Medicare and Medicaid… …
