constructive calculus
71Paradox — For other uses, see Paradox (disambiguation). Further information: List of paradoxes A paradox is a seemingly true statement or group of statements that lead to a contradiction or a situation which seems to defy logic or intuition. Typically,… …
72Classical logic — identifies a class of formal logics that have been most intensively studied and most widely used. The class is sometimes called standard logic as well.[1][2] They are characterised by a number of properties:[3] Law of the excluded middle and… …
73Deductive reasoning — Deductive reasoning, also called deductive logic, is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses. A deductive… …
74Proposition — This article is about the term in logic and philosophy. For other uses, see Proposition (disambiguation). In logic and philosophy, the term proposition refers to either (a) the content or meaning of a meaningful declarative sentence or (b) the… …
75Description logic — (DL) is a family of formal knowledge representation languages. It is more expressive than propositional logic but has more efficient decision problems than first order predicate logic. DL is used in artificial intelligence for formal reasoning on …
76Metalogic — is the study of the metatheory of logic. While logic is the study of the manner in which logical systems can be used to decide the correctness of arguments, metalogic studies the properties of the logical systems themselves.[1] According to… …
77Paraconsistent logic — A paraconsistent logic is a logical system that attempts to deal with contradictions in a discriminating way. Alternatively, paraconsistent logic is the subfield of logic that is concerned with studying and developing paraconsistent (or… …
78Coq — For the coenzyme and dietary supplement, see Coenzyme Q10. Coq Paradigm(s) Functional Stable release 8.3 (October 2010; 12 months ago (2010 10)) …
79List of Boolean algebra topics — This is a list of topics around Boolean algebra and propositional logic. Contents 1 Articles with a wide scope and introductions 2 Boolean functions and connectives 3 Examples of Boolean algebras …
80Decidability (logic) — In logic, the term decidable refers to the decision problem, the question of the existence of an effective method for determining membership in a set of formulas. Logical systems such as propositional logic are decidable if membership in their… …
