constrained estimation
11Non-negative matrix factorization — NMF redirects here. For the bridge convention, see new minor forcing. Non negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a group of algorithms in multivariate analysis and linear algebra where a matrix, , is factorized into (usually) two matrices, and… …
12Comparison of video codecs — A video codec is software or a device that provides encoding and decoding which may or may not include the use of video compression and/or decompression for digital video. The compression may employ lossy data compression, so quality measurement… …
13Supply and demand — For other uses, see Supply and demand (disambiguation). The price P of a product is determined by a balance between production at each price (supply S) and the desires of those with purchasing power at each price (demand D). The diagram shows a… …
14Nonlinear programming — In mathematics, nonlinear programming (NLP) is the process of solving a system of equalities and inequalities, collectively termed constraints, over a set of unknown real variables, along with an objective function to be maximized or minimized,… …
15Convex optimization — Convex minimization, a subfield of optimization, studies the problem of minimizing convex functions over convex sets. Given a real vector space X together with a convex, real valued function defined on a convex subset of X, the problem is to find …
16Latent class model — In statistics, a latent class model (LCM) relates a set of observed discrete multivariate variables to a set of latent variables. It is a type of latent variable model. It is called a latent class model because the latent variable is discrete. A… …
17Models of neural computation — are attempts to elucidate, in an abstract and mathematical fashion, the core principles that underlie information processing in biological nervous systems, or functional components thereof. This article aims to provide an overview of the most… …
18Survival analysis — is a branch of statistics which deals with death in biological organisms and failure in mechanical systems. This topic is called reliability theory or reliability analysis in engineering, and duration analysis or duration modeling in economics or …
19Computer-adaptive testing — A computer adaptive testing (CAT) is a method for administering tests that adapts to the examinee s ability level. For this reason, it has also been called tailored testing . How CAT worksCAT successively selects questions so as to maximize the… …
20Data assimilation — Applications of data assimilation arise in many fields of geosciences, perhaps most importantly in weather forecasting and hydrology. Data assimilation proceeds by analysis cycles. In each analysis cycle, observations of the current (and possibly …
