conclude that
101Socrates and the beginnings of moral philosophy — Hugh H.Benson INTRODUCTION Cicero in Tusculan Disputations famously tells us that Socrates first called philosophy down from the sky, set it in cities and even introduced it into homes, and compelled it to consider life and morals, good and evil …
102Kant’s Copernican revolution — Daniel Bonevac Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason was to transform the philosophical world, at once bringing the Enlightenment to its highest intellectual development and establishing a new set of problems that would dominate philosophy in… …
103Hegel, spirit, and politics — Leo Rauch Hegel’s impact on political thought has been immense giving shape to the major political movements of the modern world. Yet the person of average education is hardly familiar with the name, which is usually identified with a small… …
104Phenomenology (The beginnings of) — The beginnings of phenomenology Husserl and his predecessors Richard Cobb Stevens Edmund Husserl was the founder of phenomenology, one of the principal movements of twentieth century philosophy. His principal contribution to philosophy was his… …
105Comparative method — This article is about the comparative method in linguistics. For other kinds of comparative methods, see Comparative (disambiguation). Linguistic map representing a Tree model of the Romance languages based on the comparative method. Here the… …
106Frame problem — In artificial intelligence, the frame problem was initially formulated as the problem of expressing a dynamical domain in logic without explicitly specifying which conditions are not affected by an action. John McCarthy and Patrick J. Hayes… …
107Law of multiple proportions — In chemistry, the law of multiple proportions is one of the basic laws and a major tool of chemical measurement (stoichiometry). It states that when elements combine they do so in a ratio of small whole numbers. For example, carbon and oxygen… …
108Numerical analysis — Babylonian clay tablet BC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BC) with annotations. The approximation of the square root of 2 is four sexagesimal figures, which is about six decimal figures. 1 + 24/60 + 51/602 + 10/603 = 1.41421296...[1] Numerical analysis is the …
109Reductio ad absurdum — (Latin for reduction to the absurd ), also known as an apagogical argument, reductio ad impossibile, or proof by contradiction, is a type of logical argument where one assumes a claim for the sake of argument and derives an absurd or ridiculous… …
110Statistical hypothesis testing — This article is about frequentist hypothesis testing which is taught in introductory statistics. For Bayesian hypothesis testing, see Bayesian inference. A statistical hypothesis test is a method of making decisions using data, whether from a… …
