compute the cost
21Karatsuba algorithm — The Karatsuba multiplication algorithm, a technique for quickly multiplying large numbers, was discovered by Anatolii Alexeevich Karatsuba in 1960 and published in the joint paper with Yu. Ofman in 1962. It reduces the multiplication of two n… …
22Communication complexity — The notion of communication complexity was introduced by Yao in 1979,[1] who investigated the following problem involving two separated parties (Alice and Bob). Alice receives an n bit string x[clarification needed] and Bob another n bit string… …
23IBM 1130 — The IBM 1130 Computing System was introduced in 1965. It was IBM s least expensive computer to date, and was aimed at price sensitive, computing intensive technical markets like education and engineering. The IBM 1800 was a process control… …
24K-medoids — The K medoids algorithm is a clustering algorithm related to the K means algorithm and the medoidshift algorithm. Both the K means and K medoids algorithms are partitional (breaking the dataset up into groups) and both attempt to minimize squared …
25Damgaard-Jurik cryptosystem — The Damgård Jurik cryptosystem [Ivan Damgård, Mads Jurik: [http://www.brics.dk/RS/00/45/ A Generalisation, a Simplification and Some Applications of Paillier s Probabilistic Public Key System] . Public Key Cryptography 2001: 119 136] is a… …
26Damgård–Jurik cryptosystem — The Damgård–Jurik cryptosystem[1] is a generalization of the Paillier cryptosystem. It uses computations modulo ns + 1 where n is an RSA modulus and s a (positive) natural number. Paillier s scheme is the special case with s = 1. The order φ(ns + …
27Travelling salesman problem — The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is an NP hard problem in combinatorial optimization studied in operations research and theoretical computer science. Given a list of cities and their pairwise distances, the task is to find a shortest… …
28P/E ratio — The P/E ratio (price to earnings ratio) of a stock (also called its earnings multiple, or simply multiple, P/E, or PE ) is a measure of the price paid for a share relative to the annual income or profit earned by the firm per share. [cite web|url …
29value — The utility of an object in satisfying, directly or indirectly, the needs or desires of human beings, called by economists value in use, or its worth consisting in the power of purchasing other objects, called value in exchange. Joint Highway… …
30Microcomputer revolution — The microcomputer revolution (or personal computer revolution or digital revolution) is a phrase used to describe the rapid advances of microprocessor based computers from esoteric hobby projects to a commonplace fixture of homes in industrial… …
