complex conjugation
51Quantum superposition — is the fundamental law of quantum mechanics. It defines the allowed state space of a quantum mechanical system.In Probability theory, every possible event has a positive number associated to it, the probability, which gives the chance that it… …
52Real representation — In the mathematical field of representation theory a real representation is usually a representation on a real vector space U , but it can also mean a representation on a complex vector space V with an invariant real structure, i.e., an… …
53Gaussian beam — In optics, a Gaussian beam is a beam of electromagnetic radiation whose transverse electric field and intensity (irradiance) distributions are well approximated by Gaussian functions. Many lasers emit beams that approximate a Gaussian profile, in …
54Gelfand representation — In mathematics, the Gelfand representation in functional analysis (named after I. M. Gelfand) has two related meanings:* a way of representing commutative Banach algebras as algebras of continuous functions; * the fact that for commutative C*… …
55Dihedral group — This snowflake has the dihedral symmetry of a regular hexagon. In mathematics, a dihedral group is the group of symmetries of a regular polygon, including both rotations and reflections.[1] Dihedr …
56T-symmetry — is the symmetry of physical laws under a time reversal transformation mdash;: T: t mapsto t.Although in restricted contexts one may find this symmetry, the universe itself does not show symmetry under time reversal. This is due to the uncertainty …
57Covariance matrix — A bivariate Gaussian probability density function centered at (0,0), with covariance matrix [ 1.00, .50 ; .50, 1.00 ] …
58Hodge theory — In mathematics, Hodge theory is one aspect of the study of the algebraic topology of a smooth manifold M . More specifically, it works out the consequences for the cohomology groups of M , with real coefficients, of the partial differential… …
59Serre conjecture (number theory) — The Quillen–Suslin theorem was also conjectured by Serre, and may also be called Serre s Conjecture. In mathematics, Jean Pierre Serre conjectured the following result regarding two dimensional Galois representations. This was a significant step… …
60Decomposition of spectrum (functional analysis) — In mathematics, especially functional analysis, the spectrum of an operator generalizes the notion of eigenvalues. Given an operator, it is sometimes useful to break up the spectrum into various parts. This article discusses a few examples of… …
