complex conjugation
41Riemann sphere — The Riemann sphere can be visualized as the complex number plane wrapped around a sphere (by some form of stereographic projection – details are given below). In mathematics, the Riemann sphere (or extended complex plane), named after the 19th… …
42Algebra of random variables — In the algebraic axiomatization of probability theory, the primary concept is not that of probability of an event, but rather that of a random variable. Probability distributions are determined by assigning an expectation to each random variable …
43Holomorphic function — A rectangular grid (top) and its image under a holomorphic function f (bottom). In mathematics, holomorphic functions are the central objects of study in complex analysis. A holomorphic function is a complex valued function of one or more complex …
44Mathematical descriptions of opacity — When an electromagnetic wave travels through a medium in which it gets absorbed (this is called an opaque or attenuating medium), it undergoes exponential decay as described by the Beer–Lambert law. However, there are many possible ways to… …
45Mathematics of radio engineering — A complex valued function. The mathematics of radio engineering is a pleasant and very useful subject. This article is an attempt to provide a reasonably comprehensive summary of this almost limitless topic. While the ideas have historically… …
46Banach algebra — In mathematics, especially functional analysis, a Banach algebra, named after Stefan Banach, is an associative algebra A over the real or complex numbers which at the same time is also a Banach space. The algebra multiplication and the Banach… …
47C parity — In physics, C parity or charge parity is a multiplicative quantum number of some particles that describes its behavior under a symmetry operation of charge conjugation (see C symmetry). Charge conjugation changes the sign of all quantic charges… …
48Riemann zeta function — ζ(s) in the complex plane. The color of a point s encodes the value of ζ(s): dark colors denote values close to zero and hue encodes the value s argument. The white spot at s = 1 is the pole of the zeta function; the black spots on the… …
49Étale cohomology — In mathematics, the étale cohomology groups of an algebraic variety or scheme are algebraic analogues of the usual cohomology groups with finite coefficients of a topological space, introduced by Grothendieck in order to prove the Weil… …
50Number theory — A Lehmer sieve an analog computer once used for finding primes and solving simple diophantine equations. Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers. Number theorists study prime numbers (the… …
