complementary set
11Independent set — The (unexpectedly asymmetric) set of 9 blue vertices is a maximal independent set for this graph of 24 vertices.In graph theory, an independent set or stable set is a set of vertices in a graph no two of which are adjacent. That is, it is a set V …
12Odd graph — The Petersen graph as an odd graph O3 Vertices Edges …
13semantics — semanticist /si man teuh sist/, semantician /see man tish euhn/, n. /si man tiks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) 1. Ling. a. the study of meaning. b. the study of linguistic development by classifying and examining changes in meaning and form. 2.… …
14Garden of Eden (cellular automaton) — An orphan pattern in Conway s Game of Life, discovered by R. Banks in 1971.[1] …
15Russell's paradox — Part of the foundations of mathematics, Russell s paradox (also known as Russell s antinomy), discovered by Bertrand Russell in 1901, showed that the naive set theory of Frege leads to a contradiction.It might be assumed that, for any formal… …
16Borel hierarchy — In mathematical logic, the Borel hierarchy is a stratification of the Borel algebra generated by the open subsets of a Polish space; elements of this algebra are called Borel sets. Each Borel set is assigned a unique countable ordinal number… …
17Signed graph — In the area of graph theory in mathematics, a signed graph is a graph in which each edge has a positive or negative sign.Formally, a signed graph Sigma; is a pair ( G , sigma;) that consists of a graph G = ( V , E ) and a sign mapping or… …
18Guillemets — (pron en|ˈɡɪləmɛt, or IPAlink en|ɡiːəˈmeɪ after French IPAlink|ɡijmɛ), also called angle quotes, are line segments, pointed as if arrows (« or »), sometimes forming a complementary set of punctuation marks used as a form of quotation mark.The… …
19Newton fractal — Julia set for the rational function associated to Newton s method for ƒ:z→z3−1. The Newton fractal is a boundary set in the complex plane which is characterized by Newton s method applied to a fixed polynomial . It is the …
20Irrational number — In mathematics, an irrational number is any real number that is not a rational number that is, it is a number which cannot be expressed as a fraction m / n , where m and n are integers, with n non zero. Informally, this means numbers that cannot… …
