collective representations
21DURKHEIM, ÉMILE — (1858–1917), French sociologist. Born in Epinal (Lorraine), France, of a long line of rabbinical ancestors, Durkheim initially prepared himself for the rabbinate. Although he never wrote directly on a Jewish topic, the interest in law, ethnology …
22Magical thinking — For the book, see Magical Thinking (book). Magical thinking is causal reasoning that looks for correlation between acts or utterances and certain events. In religion, folk religion, and superstition, the correlation posited is between religious… …
23social fact — A complex notion, with attributes of externality, constraint, and ineluctability. It is to be understood within the context of Émile Durkheim s conception of collective conscience and collective representations . Social facts are ways of acting… …
24Positivism — • A system of philosophical and religious doctrines elaborated by Auguste Comte. Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Positivism Positivism …
25Durkheim, Émile — (1858 1917) The most famous French sociologist, long acknowledged as the founding figure of functionalism, but more recently hailed by leading authorities on structuralism , sociolinguistics (see conversation analysis ), and post modernism , all… …
26exchange theory — Exchange theories view social order as the unplanned outcome of acts of exchange between members of society. There are two major variants. Rational choice (or, as it is sometimes known, rational action) theory locates the source of order in the… …
27Positivism — is the philosophy that the only authentic knowledge is knowledge that is based on actual sense experience. Such knowledge can only come from affirmation of theories through strict scientific method. Metaphysical speculation is avoided. Though the …
28Cambridge Ritualists — The Cambridge Ritualists, the myth and ritual school, were a recognised group of classical scholars, mostly in Cambridge, England, including Jane Ellen Harrison, Gilbert Murray (who was actually from the University of Oxford), A. B. Cook, and… …
29David Tartakover — דוד טרטקובר A mural in the Suzan Dalal Center, Tel Aviv (1988 9) Born 1944 Nationality Is …
30Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien — (1857 1939) A French philosopher, influential for his theories about ‘primitive’ peoples, who, he argued, held collective representations which were ‘pre logical’ and mystical (see How Natives Think, 1910, and Primitive Mentality, 1922).… …
