coercive measures
11Key disclosure law — Key disclosure laws, also known as mandatory key disclosure, is legislation that require individuals to surrender cryptographic keys to law enforcement. The purpose is to allow access to material for confiscation or digital forensics purposes and …
12Pacific blockade — was a term invented by Hautefeuille, the French writer on international maritime law, to describe a blockade exercised by a great power for the purpose of bringing pressure to bear on a weaker state without actual war. That it is an act of… …
13tax law — Introduction body of rules under which a public authority has a claim on taxpayers, requiring them to transfer to the authority part of their income or property. The power to impose taxes is generally recognized as a right of governments.… …
14Europe, history of — Introduction history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates.… …
15United Nations — 1. an international organization, with headquarters in New York City, formed to promote international peace, security, and cooperation under the terms of the charter signed by 51 founding countries in San Francisco in 1945. Abbr.: UN Cf. General… …
16sanctions — n. coercive measures 1) to apply, impose sanctions 2) to lift sanctions 3) economic, trade sanctions 4) sanctions against * * * impose sanctions trade sanctions [ coercive measures ] to apply economic to lift sanctions sanctions against …
17TORTS — The Principal Categories of Torts The liability of various tortfeasors is discussed in relative detail in the Torah. Four principal cases are considered: (1) where someone opens a pit into which an animal falls and dies (Ex. 21:33–4); (2) where… …
18Human security — is an emerging paradigm for understanding global vulnerabilities whose proponents challenge the traditional notion of national security by arguing that the proper referent for security should be the individual rather than the state. Human… …
19CIA transnational human rights actions — This article deals with those activities of the Central Intelligence Agency that preserve or violate human rights. General principlesIn 2003, Assistant Secretary of state for Human Rights Patricia Derian when she wrote, Through these [U.S.… …
20Vichy France — This article is about World War II France. For other uses, see Vichy (disambiguation). French State État français Axis collaborator state …
