closed topology
41Low-dimensional topology — In mathematics, low dimensional topology is the branch of topology that studies manifolds of four or fewer dimensions. Representative topics are the structure theory of 3 manifolds and 4 manifolds, knot theory, and braid groups. It can be… …
42Cone (topology) — Cone of a circle. The original space is in blue, and the collapsed end point is in green. In topology, especially algebraic topology, the cone CX of a topological space X is the quotient space: of the …
43Constructible topology — In commutative algebra, the constructible topology on the spectrum of a commutative ring A is a topology where each closed set is the image of in for some algebra B over A. An important feature of this construction is that the map …
44Interior (topology) — The point x is an interior point of S, since it is contained within S together with an open ball around it. The point y is on the boundary of S. In mathematics, specifically in topology, the interior of a set S of points of a topological space… …
45General topology — In mathematics, general topology or point set topology is the branch of topology which studies properties of topological spaces and structures defined on them. It is distinct from other branches of topology in that the topological spaces may be… …
46Nisnevich topology — In algebraic geometry, the Nisnevich topology, sometimes called the completely decomposed topology, is a Grothendieck topology on the category of schemes which has been used in algebraic K theory, A¹ homotopy theory, and the theory of motives. It …
47Lower limit topology — In mathematics, the lower limit topology or right half open interval topology is a topology defined on the set R of real numbers; it is different from the standard topology on R and has a number of interesting properties. It is the topology… …
48Partition topology — In mathematics, the partition topology is a topology that can be induced on any set X by partitioning X into disjoint subsets P; these subsets form the basis for the topology. There are two important examples which have their own names: The… …
49Disjoint union (topology) — In general topology and related areas of mathematics, the disjoint union (also called the direct sum, free union, free sum, topological sum, or coproduct) of a family of topological spaces is a space formed by equipping the disjoint union of the… …
50Pointless topology — In mathematics, pointless topology (also called point free or pointfree topology) is an approach to topology which avoids the mentioning of points. General conceptsTraditionally, a topological space consists of a set of points, together with a… …
