chloride permeability of concrete
1Controlled permeability formwork — (CPF) is a system proven to significantly enhance the durability of surface concrete during the casting process. Contents 1 The need for CPF 2 CPF liners 3 Basic elements of CPF systems …
2Calcium chloride — Calcium chloride …
3Silica fume — Not to be confused with fumed silica. Silica fume, 380m²/g Silica fume, also known as microsilica, is a fine grain, thin, and very high surface area silica. It is sometimes confused with fumed silica (also known as pyrogenic silica) and colloidal …
4Metakaolin — is a dehydroxylated form of the clay mineral kaolinite. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as china clay or kaolin, traditionally used in the manufacture of porcelain. The particle size of metakaolin is smaller than cement particles, but… …
5Zeolite — Zeolites (Greek, zein , to boil ; lithos , a stone ) are hydrated aluminosilicate minerals and have a micro porous structure. The term was originally coined in the 18th century by a Swedish mineralogist named Axel Fredrik Cronstedt who observed,… …
6industrial polymers, major — Introduction chemical compounds used in the manufacture of synthetic industrial materials. In the commercial production of plastics, elastomers, man made fibres, adhesives, and surface coatings, a tremendous variety of polymers are… …
7Corrosion — v · d · e Materials failure modes Buckling · …
8Ground granulated blast furnace slag — (GGBS or GGBFS) is obtained by quenching molten iron slag (a by product of iron and steel making) from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder.ApplicationsGGBS is… …
9food preservation — Any method by which food is protected against spoilage by oxidation, bacteria, molds, and microorganisms. Traditional methods include dehydration, smoking, salting, controlled fermentation (including pickling), and candying; certain spices have… …
10environmental works — ▪ civil engineering Introduction infrastructure that provides cities and towns with water supply, waste disposal, and pollution control services. They include extensive networks of reservoirs, pipelines, treatment systems, pumping stations …
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